2008-05-23.log:18:25 < kanzure> http://heybryan.org/mediawiki/index.php/Sustained_attention#2008-05-23:_Athymhormic_syndrome <-- "mental blankness" and lack of motivation via removal of basal ganglia. 
2008-06-02.log:11:36 < fenn> http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/thymine%20dimer%20photolyase.jpg  
2008-06-03.log:22:23 < fenn> its the RNA version of thymine
2008-06-06.log:13:17 < kanzure> fenn: So let's just say that I have four polymerase molecules that selectively incorporate a different nucleotide. One does adenosine, the other does thymine, etc. It turns out that the requisite mutations are highly localized to a particular amino acid on a loop in the protein.
2008-06-07.log:23:53 < kanzure> xp_prg2: The A-rule is where thymine is paired to adenosine in DNA.
2008-06-08.log:19:29 < percent> *thymine
2008-06-13.log:10:49 < percent_> on thymine
2009-03-01.log:13:41 < kanzure> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthymesia another way of describing the classic 'R' case from Russia (or whatever) of the synesthesia case with amazing memory
2010-02-20.log:19:40  * ybit2 is curious how the iphone app is aware of a person's heart rhthyms
2010-06-05.log:21:43 < kanzure> "During the autologous I.V. transplant I would have to inhibit SOCS3 & upregulate thymosin beta-4 and suppress systemic constitutive NF-kappaB; among other things."
2012-02-22.log:11:11 < kanzure> poly(n)-adenosine guanylyltransferases, poly(n)-guanine guanylyltransferases, poly(n)-thymine guanylyltransferases, poly(n)-cytosine guanylyltransferases
2012-03-24.log:14:32 < kanzure> wait they call it "bathymetry"?
2012-03-24.log:14:32 < ybit> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetry
2012-04-04.log:14:42 < kanzure> thymine cytosine thymien thymine adenosine cytosine
2012-04-04.log:14:46 < F71> I've never heard of thymien, what is this dickery
2012-06-03.log:15:40 < rigel> and methylated cytosine also is preferentially turned into thymine, iirc
2012-07-17.log:11:55 < AdrianG> because hyperthymia is conducive to being productive
2012-07-17.log:11:55 < AdrianG> and difference between euphoria and hyperthymia is just that of a degree
2012-07-17.log:12:17 < AdrianG> is hyperthymia a nootropic
2013-01-20.log:19:54 < nmz787> reported in the thymidine salvage pathway
2013-07-05.log:13:12 < delinquentme> fenn, so my end idea was to hookup a reseeded thymus and get it to start producing bio-compatible WBCs
2013-07-05.log:13:14 < delinquentme> sorry kanz ... but a donor thymus reseeded with a persons cells
2013-07-05.log:13:15 < delinquentme> so thymus + bioreactors ... keep that organ at body temp and producing / characterizing white blood cells ... and you've got something of value
2013-07-05.log:13:16 <@fenn> anyway, you can just buy a mouse or a rabbit that has no immune system, and transplant your thymus into it
2013-07-05.log:13:17 <@fenn> i think this is what schloendorn is doing, but with progenitor cells instead of thymus
2013-07-05.log:13:18 < nmz787_> isn't the thymus simply the hookah bar equivalent for WBCs?
2013-07-05.log:13:18 < nmz787_> they just meet up with B cells in the thymus
2013-07-05.log:13:20 < delinquentme> I guess I question if sticking this glad into a mouse would begin re-characterizing the thymus
2013-08-02.log:19:34 <@heath> you don't have to protect thymine
2013-08-02.log:19:53 <@heath> ah, "A synthesis starts with an appropriately base-protected [N^6-benzoyl adine, N^2-isobutryl guanine, N^4-benzoyl cytosine(thymine is usually not protected)]"
2013-11-05.log:11:29 < delinquentme> kanzure, have I asked you about regrowing thymuses?
2013-11-05.log:11:42 <@kanzure> i think you should go revisit the logs so you can read the things we said last time regarding your thymus plans
2013-11-05.log:12:00 < delinquentme> doesn't seem to yield helpful results.  Specifically if this dude who is some major player in vitrification ... happens to believe that this thymus regrowth is something valuable
2014-04-08.log:12:03 < yoleaux> Regeneration of the aged thymus by a single transcription factor
2014-05-15.log:17:01 <@fenn> thymidine dimer formation i think
2014-11-20.log:07:08 < archels> "Aging-related diseases are related to a deficiency of the immune system, which results from an aged thymus and bone marrow cells. Intra bone marrow-bone marrow transplantation (IBM-BMT) is a useful method to treat intractable diseases."
2014-11-20.log:07:10 < archels> "[the thymus] atrophies at puberty. Unlike the liver, kidney and heart, for instance, the thymus is at its largest in children. The thymus reaches maximum weight (20 to 37 grams) by the time of puberty. The thymus of older people is scarcely distinguishable from surrounding fatty tissue. As one ages the thymus slowly shrinks, eventually degenerating into tiny islands of fatty tissue. By the age of 75 years, the thymus weighs only 6 grams."
2014-12-27.log:13:48 < kanzure> and there's a bunch of crab-shaped enzymes like thymidylate synthases http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=1VZE
2014-12-30.log:16:04 < kanzure> "According to Nature Medicine, his first experiments required "a special grant, nearly 200 rhesus monkeys and so much radioactive thymidine that manufacturers had to retool their entire production system to provide it." Rakic injected the monkeys' fetuses with radioactive thymidine at a particular time after conception. Only replicating cells took up the radioactive label, which enabled Rakic to trace the lineages of brain cells as they ...
2015-06-06.log:13:00 < kanzure> "Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus"
2015-06-10.log:13:36 < kanzure> "1 mm thick tissue slice taken from human cadavers, stored in liquid nitrogen for months: all showed growth in culture after thawing. Tissues were: ovary, pituitary, thymus, kidney, etc.(6) "
2015-06-19.log:11:46 < yoleaux> "TA cloning is a subcloning technique that avoids the use of restriction enzymes and is easier and quicker than traditional subcloning. The technique relies on the ability of adenine (A) and thymine (T) (complementary basepairs) on different DNA fragments to hybridize and, in the presence of ligase, become ligated together." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TA_cloning
2015-06-20.log:08:11 < yoleaux> deoxyribonucleic acid bases: Members: adenine: guanine: thymine: cytosine; NFPA label: http://is.gd/ChaI4a
2015-08-05.log:04:02 < fenn> https://srconstantin.wordpress.com/2015/07/19/we-could-regrow-livers/  regrowing a thymus is especially interesting wrt longevity
2015-08-18.log:17:32 < kanzure> the one about thymus organoids might be fun
2015-11-04.log:08:00 < kanzure> "I'm referring to recent work by George Church lab that shows by editing 62 genes in pigs via CRISPR/Cas9, could lead to organs that can be transplanted in humans without rejection/problems. My question is: since the organs transplanted will be young, if we transplant a significant amount of vital organs (kidney, liver, thymus, lungs, heart, spleen, etc.) of course except the brain, can we create the rejuvenation effects resulted from ...
2015-12-23.log:08:12 < kanzure> "Intrathymic transplantation of young, engraftable thymic epithelial cells promotes the growth and regeneration of the aging thymus (TRAN1P.932)" http://www.jimmunol.org/content/194/1_Supplement/140.14.short
2015-12-23.log:08:13 < kanzure> "The thymus reaches its maximum size early in life and then begins to shrink, producing fewer T cells with increasing age. This thymic decline is thought to contribute to age-related T cell lymphopenias and hinder T cell recovery following bone marrow transplantation. While several cellular and molecular processes have been implicated in age-related thymic involution, their relative contributions are not known. Using heterochronic ...
2015-12-23.log:08:13 < kanzure> ... parabiosis, we observe that young circulating factors are not sufficient to drive regeneration of the aged thymus. In contrast, we find that resupplying young, engraftable thymic epithelial cells to an aged or defective thymus leads to thymic regrowth and renewed T cell production. Intrathymic transplantation and in vitro colony forming assays reveal that the engraftment and proliferative capacities of thymic epithelial cells ...
2015-12-23.log:08:13 < kanzure> ... diminish early in life, whereas the receptivity of the thymus to thymic epithelial cell engraftment remains relatively constant with age. These results support a model in which thymic growth and subsequent involution are driven by cell intrinsic changes in the proliferative capacity of thymic epithelial cells, and further show that young thymic epithelial cells can directly drive aged thymic regeneration."
2015-12-23.log:08:13 < kanzure> "Regeneration of the aged thymus by a single transcription factor" http://dev.biologists.org/content/141/8/1627.short
2015-12-23.log:08:14 < kanzure> "Here, we show that forced, TEC-specific upregulation of FOXN1 in the fully involuted thymus of aged mice results in robust thymus regeneration characterized by increased thymopoiesis and increased naive T cell output."
2015-12-23.log:08:18 < kanzure> "So it would seem that at least 2 pathways exist for possible regeneration of the aged thymus in humans. This would seem to be essential for a human to escape the (otherwise inevitable) reduction in T-cell clonal diversity. Does anyone have any news of Greg Fahey’s trial?"
2016-01-01.log:19:23 < AdrianG> kanzure: you ever looked into hyperthymia
2016-01-01.log:19:25 < kanzure> .wik hyperthymia
2016-01-01.log:19:25 < yoleaux> "Hyperthymic temperament, or hyperthymia, from Greek hyper ("over", meaning here excessive) + θυμός ("spirited"), is a proposed personality type characterized by an excessively positive disposition similar to, but more stable than, the hypomania of bipolar disorder." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthymia
2016-07-22.log:14:38 < kanzure> "We demonstrate a new method to reversibly cross-link DNA-nanoparticle dimers, trimers, and tetramers using light as an external stimulus. A DNA interstrand photo-cross-linking reaction is possible via ligation of a cyano-vinyl carbazole nucleoside with an opposite thymine when irradiated at 365 nm. This reaction results in nanoparticle assemblies that are not susceptible to DNA dehybridization conditions. The chemical bond between the ...
2016-07-25.log:11:06 < kanzure> "Greg Fahy's successful self-experimentation has fast-tracked therapy to regrow the thymus and other organs ... His work is now is the basis of the FDA-approved TRIIM trial."
2016-08-11.log:07:49 < kanzure> "Precise genetic modifications are essential for biomedical research and gene therapy. Yet, traditional homology-directed genome editing is limited by the requirements for DNA cleavage, donor DNA template and the endogenous DNA break-repair machinery. Here we present programmable cytidine deaminases that enable site-specific cytidine to thymidine (C-to-T) genomic edits without the need for DNA cleavage. Our targeted deaminases are ...
2016-08-19.log:05:53 < wrldpcmbl> Thyroid?  Maybe thymus.
2016-08-29.log:21:38 < nmz787_> CaptHindsight: crush it, just print new labels and slap them on existing wipes (the kind with thymol are pretty enjoyable too)
2016-10-11.log:09:23 < nmz787_i> "Psoralen is a mutagen, and is used for this purpose in molecular biology research. Psoralen intercalates into DNA and on exposure to ultraviolet (UVA) radiation can form monoadducts and covalent interstrand cross-links (ICL) with thymines, preferentially at 5'-TpA sites in the genome, inducing apoptosis. Psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) therapy has shown considerable clinical efficacy.[1] Unfortunately, a side effect of PUVA treatment is a higher 
2016-10-14.log:06:37 < kanzure> http://www.sens.org/research/extramural/engineering-a-new-thymus
2017-02-10.log:09:41 < kanzure> .wik hyperthymesia
2017-02-10.log:09:41 < yoleaux> "Hyperthymesia is the condition of possessing an extremely detailed autobiographical memory. People with hyperthymesia remember an abnormally vast number of their life experiences." -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthymesia
2017-02-11.log:00:10 < JayDugger> Nobody knows about Gene Wolfe because they lack hyperthymesia, or more accurately, the ability to fool researchers into it by keeping a mental perpetual calendar.
2017-02-13.log:19:37 < kanzure> i emailed some of the hyperthymesia researchers the other evening, one of them replied "why would you suspect that dna sequencing would reveal anything?" in a lengthy email
2017-02-13.log:19:38 < kanzure> hyperthymesia might not be inherited, tho, she has a point
2017-02-13.log:19:38 < kanzure> .wik hyperthymesia
2017-02-13.log:19:38 < yoleaux> "Hyperthymesia is the condition of possessing an extremely detailed autobiographical memory. People with hyperthymesia remember an abnormally vast number of their life experiences." -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthymesia
2017-02-13.log:19:39 < kanzure> to me, hyperthymesia looks like some sort of compulsion to recall dates and autobiographic detail
2017-02-13.log:19:42 < cluckj> it would be interesting to see how folks with hyperthymesia index their memories without dates
2017-02-13.log:19:43 < kanzure> hyperthymesia people should be given body cams and the footage should only be viewable to the researchers
2017-02-13.log:19:43 < kanzure> wait why aren't there hyperthymesia/bodycam studies
2017-02-13.log:19:44 < fenn> "25 cases of hyperthymesia have been confirmed in peer-reviewed articles"
2017-02-13.log:19:48 < fenn> i find it strange that hyperthymesia was 'discovered' only recently
2017-04-03.log:18:27 < kanzure> "Generation of mature T cells from human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in artificial thymic organoids" http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nmeth.4237.html
2017-04-03.log:18:47 < fenn> i wonder if "artificial thymic organoids" would be effective enough to substitute for a shrunken thymus as a result of natural aging
2017-04-03.log:19:00 < yoleaux> An organized and functional thymus generated from FOXN1-reprogrammed fibroblasts : Nature Cell Biology : Nature Research
2017-04-03.log:19:01 < fenn> how-to article for artificial thymic organoids
2017-04-24.log:17:21 < kanzure> "Restoration of the thymus in aging mice by in vivo zinc supplementation" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8453784 (1993)
2017-05-04.log:19:17 < kanzure> re: thymus organoid stuff.
2017-08-07.log:16:37 < Storyteller> i also eat meat. my steak dinner was delicious, I had fried potatoes and some peas with cumin and thyme
2017-09-28.log:14:35 < kanzure> "Remember that methylcytosine will deaminate into thymine spontaneously, probably faster at higher temps."
2017-11-02.log:17:56 < yoleaux> "Ursolic acid (sometimes referred to as urson, prunol, malol, or 3-beta-3-hydroxy-urs-12-ene-28-oic-acid), is a pentacyclic triterpenoid identified in the epicuticular waxes of apples as early as 1920 and widely found in the peels of fruits, as well as in herbs and spices like rosemary and thyme." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursolic_acid
2017-12-12.log:11:45 < kanzure> also, thymus regeneration stuff
2017-12-12.log:11:52 < kanzure> fenn what was that thymus regeneration article you were looking at, from a while ago?
2018-04-02.log:15:20 < fltrz> thymines undergo a reversible photochemical reaction under a shorter and longer optical wavelength, perhaps this could be used as a bistable storage on DNA tape drive?
2018-04-02.log:15:23 < fltrz> so at a short UV wavelength the thymines react into the irradiated phase, and at some undisclosed longer wavelength they revert
2018-05-18.log:20:06 < kanzure> reason@fightaging.org is doing thymus regeneration stuff https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2018/05/an-interview-with-reason-at-the-life-extension-advocacy-foundation/
2019-02-27.log:17:42 < yashgaroth> homopolymer stretches (e.g. GGGGGGG) are more likely to experience insertions/deletions, otherwise there's probably been studies on what sequences are more likely to spontaneously mutate - thymine dimers are another example
2019-03-01.log:10:55 < yoleaux> "Cytosine (/ˈsaɪtəˌsiːn, -ˌziːn, -ˌsɪn/; C) is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA, along with adenine, guanine, and thymine (uracil in RNA). It is a pyrimidine derivative, with a heterocyclic aromatic ring and two substituents attached (an amine group at position 4 and a keto group at position 2)." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytosine
2019-04-29.log:08:20 < kanzure> fenn what was your favorite thymus organoid paper thing
2019-04-29.log:08:33 < yoleaux> An organized and functional thymus generated from FOXN1-reprogrammed fibroblasts | Nature Cell Biology
2019-09-08.log:04:05 < pasky> the real point i think is that they have shown biological age reversal (at least as indicated by this clock) by thymus therapy
2020-02-09.log:11:39 < fenn> i think regular old thymus organoids would extend lifespan, if not rejuvenation