2015-09-11.log

--- Log opened Fri Sep 11 00:00:07 2015
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ThomasVjgarzik: have recent versions of bitcoin merged some form of memorypool curator?04:23
nshhm04:23
nshin what sense of curation?04:23
ThomasVremoving tx that are there for too long04:24
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nshmempool references in changelog: https://www.google.co.uk/search?client=ubuntu&channel=fs&q=inurl%3Abitcoin.org%2Fen%2Frelease+%22mempool%22&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&gfe_rd=cr&ei=MrvyVfjMCbPj8weaoJCYAQ04:26
nshseem to be some nondefaul configurable mempool pruning options added in 0.11.004:27
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ThomasVI see04:28
ThomasV""More robust solutions are being worked on for a follow-up release.04:29
nshthis patch will result in some transactions being removed from the mempool too: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/commit/1c62e8404:30
nshbut only nonstandard tx orphans i think04:30
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bsm117532Would be happy to hear some feedback on how to scale bitcoin: http://blog.sldx.com/three-challenges-for-scaling-bitcoin/05:21
gmaxwellbsm117532: Thanks for your post.05:22
nshcc kanzure05:22
gmaxwellI have only read the begging not the substance yet; but regardless of what I think about the substance-- I think the perspective is helpful.05:23
bsm117532thanks gmaxwell05:23
nshwill you be at the scaling conf bsm117532?05:24
bsm117532No, unfortunately, which is part of the reason to make this post.  I hope it generates discussion there.05:24
nshokay. kanzure is giving a synoptic presentation of a range of different candidate future directions/changes. he may like to discuss his draft with you05:25
nshseems to be afk just now, but usually isn't too far from a keyboard :)05:26
bsm117532My co-worker, Ivan Brightly, from SolidX will be there, and helped with editing/hashing out some of this.05:26
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bsm117532I've chatted with him before here. He's in NYC and we do need to hook up.05:34
bsm117532I'm going to start organizing "Whitepaper Wednesdays" here in coordination with BitDevs (http://www.meetup.com/BitDevsNYC/), I hope I can get him to come as well as any of the other devs.  I'll make an announcement about that soon.05:35
* nsh smiles05:39
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dgenr8bsm117532: wow. actual scaling ideas. not just new-ways-to-raise-blocksize-that-weren't-invented-by-gavin08:22
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bsm1175321Hahaaa08:24
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dgenr8but you won't be presenting at the meeting?  that's a shame08:27
bsm1175321No, sadly.  I do have a draft "Braiding the Blockchain" which is idea #1 in my post (turning the blockchain into a DAG) that will be published soon-ish.08:28
dgenr8idea (3) has the advantage of not requiring any kind of fork08:30
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bsm1175321Indeed.  I've not put a ton of thought into that one.  I'm sure it has holes.08:31
bsm1175321I'm not sure I like it either.  There are probably better ways to shard the blockchain.  I did notice there's a talk with that title at Scaling Bitcoin.08:32
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bsm1175321I'll implement some of this and hopefully have it ready for the Hong Kong conference in December...08:44
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dgenr8a UTXO lookup is done directly by tx hash, so that's the sharding approach i've thought about.08:49
dgenr8the grinding idea is interesting but to really scale you need to focus on the services provided to lightweight wallets08:49
dgenr8a lightweight wallet doesn't want to see even 1/256 of the traffic08:50
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CodeSharklookups by txout are probably far more useful than lookups by tx hash08:52
CodeSharkat least for thin clients08:54
bsm1175321A lightweight wallet doesn't have to be a shard.  It just needs to get all its addresses on the same shard.08:55
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bsm1175321That's going to be required for any sharding proposal.  Obviously there are multiple ways to do that.08:56
ThomasVbsm117532: how would that work?08:57
CodeSharkare you talking about something like brute-forcing them until you find one in the shard you want?08:57
bsm1175321CodeShark: exactly.08:58
bsm1175321Or you'd have to extend the address to include a shard identifier.08:58
CodeSharkdoesn't that entail some loss of privacy?08:59
bsm1175321Yes.08:59
bsm1175321I'm not necessarily a *fan* of this idea...08:59
bsm1175321for that reason08:59
bsm1175321I'm interested to hear what Vlad Zamfir has to say: https://scalingbitcoin.org/montreal2015/#schedule09:00
tromp__wasn't he designing the POS system for Ethereum?09:01
tromp__though he doesn't seem to cover that topic in this workshop...09:02
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CodeSharkPoS meaning point of sale or proof of stake?09:06
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CodeSharkbsm117532: what's the alternative to such sharding approaches?09:08
bsm1175321I've not heard any other sharding proposals.  I'd like to see some.09:09
bsm1175321But if we don't do it, the resources required of a full node grow without bound and the system will collapse.09:10
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ElielI don't see how including a shard identifier in an address would be worse than brute-forcing an address so that it effectively has a shard identifier.09:13
bsm1175321They're functionally equivalent.  Resource consumption on the part of the wallet is the only difference.09:15
CodeSharkif we still maintain a distinction between "full validator" and "thin client" and just shard the former?09:20
CodeSharkthen thin clients can request short proofs from multiple "full validators" that cross the sharding boundaries, no?09:20
CodeSharkit breaks the p2p model...but perhaps that's inevitable09:21
CodeSharkthen it's largely reduced to an issue of incentives09:23
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ElielI don't think it makes sense for everyone to verify everything anyway. fraud proofs should suffice, as long as the system is designed to periodically reward people for doing it.09:28
CodeSharkI've grown more and more skeptical of fraud proof approaches09:28
ElielI think it can work. But only if there's an incentive to try to look for fraud. That's why there should be some kind of a reward available periodically in the form of intentional but harmless fraud.09:29
Elielbut should be indistinguishable from real fraud attempts.09:31
CodeSharkthat would go some ways towards solving the issues of battle testing and profitability - but it still might be open to "crying wolf" attacks09:32
CodeSharkwhereby the attacker deliberately commits fraud in a way that becomes too costly to prove09:33
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Elielfraud that is too costly to prove sounds like a design error in the system design.09:34
ElielI wonder if it'd be possible to create a PoW function out of some kind of fraud and fraud proof battle :P09:35
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CodeSharkI think someone had done some work suggesting that the fraudsters have an advantage09:43
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CodeSharkin that they can manufacture valid transactions and claim fraud...but where it's costly to prove they are valid09:45
CodeSharkor something like that - but I haven't gone over the details09:45
CodeSharkthe idea is that eventually, people just stop paying attention to the fraud claims09:46
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Elielthat sounds more like a badly designed system rather than an inherent problem.09:54
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CodeSharkyeah, I'm not entirely convinced this is a fundamental theoretical limitation10:00
CodeSharkbut it does seem hard to design a system that doesn't have such weaknesses10:00
dgenr8the term "fraud proof" leads in impossible directions.  a lightweight client just needs a way to gain confidence that asymptotically approaches 110:02
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CodeSharkI think we can relax the term "proof" - perhaps "argument" is a better term10:05
dgenr8and i'm referring to transactions.  what satoshi mentioned was just alerts for invalid blocks which are much lower volume10:05
CodeSharkright - but under what incentives model?10:08
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CodeSharkit also seems somewhat fragile in that each "proof" builds upon the assumption that the previous n "proofs" are valid10:10
dgenr8your question is - if a partial node is available that provides security to the network, and has configurably small resource requirements, what if nobody wants to run it?10:10
CodeSharkI'm not convinced of the "small resource requirements" part10:11
dgenr8its a hypothetical10:11
dgenr8the existence of fullnodes today suggests that people will want to run it, imho10:12
CodeSharkI suppose if the resource requirements were sufficiently small, it could work - but I'd be far more comfortable with a mechanism that can provide more direct incentives10:12
Eliel(which is why I suggested building a system where you can gain a little profit by finding fraud.)10:14
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Elielbut of course, such system needs to actually reliably have fraud for the incentive to exist.10:15
dgenr8i'm not so sure i want my whole wallet on one shard.  i'd rather a bunch of nodes involved in supplying the information10:15
CodeSharkmost problematic, though, is being able to bound "small resource requirements" adequately10:16
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CodeSharkas technology improves, computational cost goes down - but that's more than offset by the increased costs that come from network growth10:17
CodeSharkthat's likely to be the case until we achieve saturation10:17
CodeSharkand saturation is achieved when supply and demand curves ultimately intersect10:18
dgenr8if lightweight wallet has 12 peers and 6 addresses, it can tell two peers about each address.  many individual wallets don't need that many active addresses10:19
CodeSharkI also think we should get rid of the term "address" in this context :p10:19
dgenr8its just too easy10:19
CodeSharkit confuses the discussion :)10:19
CodeSharkthe confusion will get even worse when we start talking about routable overlay protocols10:20
bsm1175321@CodeShark yes I was referring to sharding only "full validators".  I'm not sure what "thin client" means in this context?  Just SPV?10:21
CodeSharkbasically, most wallets - something like SPV (but I don't really like the term SPV because it is associated with Satoshi's specific tx merkle tree scheme)10:22
bsm1175321The fact is that a shard has to be able to validate a transaction.  If it has to query other nodes to get UTXO's it doesn't have, then you haven't solved any problems -- you divided storage at the cost of increased network traffic.10:22
bsm1175321So one way or another, SOME shard has to have ALL the data it needs to validate a single transaction.10:23
dgenr8okay but not broadcast traffic10:23
CodeSharkyes, we should think of transactions as atomic state updates - and validators should count on having locally available all the data they need to validate each such update10:23
bsm1175321exactly.10:23
bsm1175321Get rid of the "block" entirely.  ;-)10:24
dgenr8doesn't that devolve to being a trusted peer10:24
dgenr8why can't lightweight client validate each input separately10:24
CodeSharkthe "block" concept's purpose is really about timestamping these updates more than anything else10:24
CodeSharkwell, also about generating new coins, I suppose10:25
bsm1175321A lightweight client has to have every UTXO being spent to validate it.10:25
dgenr8yep.  so it asks for them10:25
bsm1175321CodeShark: a DAG/braid can be well-ordered in time.10:25
CodeSharkyeah, it's really about permissionless updates that cannot be reversed10:26
CodeSharkblocks commit the state changes and impose a real computational cost to rolling it back10:27
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bsm1175321One could mine individual transactions, as well as groups of transactions, to create the DAG/braid.10:29
bsm1175321It requires a separate kind of "PoW notification block" which ties two or more mini-blocks or transactions together.10:30
CodeSharkso perhaps make the PoW cost proportional to the number of updates performed?10:32
bsm1175321Yes.  Similar to Peter Todd's Tree-Chain idea, you'd end up with more work as transactions are grouped, and you head backwards in time along the block-braid.10:34
bsm1175321I'm still noodling on what those requirements need to be...10:35
CodeSharkregarding sharding proposals and stuff like tree chains, most efficient would probably be some sort of nesting whereby deeper levels are more "local"10:37
CodeSharkbut that also sacrifices privacy10:38
CodeSharkat least at a local level10:38
bsm1175321Peter's tree-chain is kind of a combination of sharding and my idea of a block-braid.  It also has some fatal flaw that I can't remember right now...10:38
CodeSharkhaha10:38
CodeSharkI'm not really familiar with your block braid idea - and I only have vague sketches in my mind regarding PT's tree chains10:39
bsm1175321Oh...yeah...one can reallocate one's mining power to another shard, I think, and 51% attack it.10:39
CodeSharkI've tried to get PT to explain in greater detail, but so far ony have basic glimpses :)10:39
CodeSharkoh, right - that does seem like a serious  issue10:40
bsm1175321I haven't fully presented the block braid idea beyond what's in the above blog post.10:40
bsm1175321However my idea is exceedingly similar to: http://fc15.ifca.ai/preproceedings/paper_101.pdf10:40
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nullbytebsm1175321: its exciting to even think about starting an implementation of that11:02
bsm1175321I know!!!  ;-)11:03
bsm1175321I just started with SolidX and am happy to be able to get paid to put my time into it.  :-)11:04
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CodeSharkanyone else here presenting in montreal?15:21
CodeSharkor is everyone else also too busy with preparations?15:22
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tromp__busy reading https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=1177633.016:21
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instagibbsSigh I probably have thought about treechains more than most but I'm a little burned out on alternative chain structures. Someone tell me if they're worth reading :)16:45
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midnightmagiclooks like another form of proof-of-stake17:08
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kanzurehash-tree with commutation, use xor of hashes and has a second time instead of just once20:44
kanzuremake two copies of CScript instead of having just the one20:45
kanzurelightning network hot wallets ok as long as small denomination btc used, forcelock protocol to subsatoshi amounts for now (maybe)20:45
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