2015-10-08.log

--- Log opened Thu Oct 08 00:00:51 2015
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kanzure"a visual introduction to venture financing" http://dlopuch.github.io/venture-dealr/00:01
kanzureand obligatory criticism https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1034658500:05
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kanzuremaybe you could get octopus chromatophore skin display to show information about neural plasticity status in some high-resolution map00:34
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delinquentmeellipsometry.  kanzure i found one of your heybryan.org pages on instrumentation on this process.02:49
delinquentmelooks novel ... but do you think its called ellipsometry not because of whatever "elliptically polarized light " may be02:50
delinquentmeand instead because the light sources rotate around an ellipse to examine the sample?02:50
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JayDugger1kanzure, do have a reference for those Freitas hierarchical ontologies you mentioned?06:04
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kanzurenah just ksrm and stuff06:56
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kanzurethat ryan grant person randomly mentioned that he knows clement vidal, i wonder if he stalked me long enough to specifically pick that one07:05
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kanzure.title http://www.foresight.org/nanodot/?p=677407:06
yoleauxthe Foresight Institute » Blog Archive » Review of artificial molecular machines and their controlled motions07:06
kanzureforesight institute video stuff https://vimeo.com/foresightinst/videos07:07
kanzurebah george church was at a foresight institute conference to pimp cadnano, what a bunch of traitors07:08
kanzure( https://vimeo.com/63008845 )07:09
kanzure.title http://www.foresight.org/nanodot/?p=676507:09
yoleauxthe Foresight Institute » Blog Archive » Addressable molecular machines arranged in a porous crystal07:09
kanzuregenehacker would like that because of the stuff about metal organic frameworks....07:09
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kanzure"nasa technology transfer initiative" http://www.technology.nasa.gov/startup07:38
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JayDugger1a quick google search on Freitas hierarchical ontologies names an Alex Freitas, but it seemed more likely you meant R.F.07:55
kanzureyes there is only one freitas07:55
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CaptHindsightkanzure: I more interested in how the proteins bond strands09:02
CaptHindsighthave to read over all the work by the three that won the recent Nobel for Chemistry09:03
CaptHindsightwhy reinvent the wheel  http://www.hhmi.org/research/dna-mismatch-repair-and-genetic-stability09:06
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kanzurewell most cells don't have a million dna strands that they have to sort between when doing dna repair activities09:13
kanzurein fact, i would say all of them have far less than a few million dna molecules09:13
CaptHindsightit's the simple mechanism for bonding09:14
kanzuredna ligase (an enzyme) has been frequently mentioned as a possible component of doing assembly of longer dna molecules09:14
kanzurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_ligase09:14
CaptHindsightand the errors in synthesis are easily detected since the oligos are so short09:16
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CaptHindsightI'd like to find a group like the three here http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2015/press.html and make some hybrid tech vs brute force like the current synthesis tech09:19
kanzuretheir work was a study of existing functionality; what we want is not necessarily already existing in cells.09:20
CaptHindsightit is and it isn't09:20
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kanzureyou may be interested in https://groups.google.com/group/enzymaticsynthesis09:20
CaptHindsightwhat's nice about nature is that it's already has it in a compact little package09:21
CaptHindsightwe just want to be able to control/program it09:21
CaptHindsightI have some catching up to do09:23
CaptHindsightbut it already splices and bonds09:23
CaptHindsightwhat's a good way to make quick money in DNA synthesis?09:28
CaptHindsightcombine that with the plans for the tech, hand it to several co's in China...09:29
CaptHindsightsit back for a bit and watch the prices drop for synthesis tech and custom oligos09:30
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maakulove the AI Now guy10:18
maakucan't tell if it is satire or earnest naiveté10:18
Houshe's serious10:19
Housjust crazy10:19
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kanzureXaTuring: greetings12:26
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kanzureCaptHindsight: another way to do dna is to have combinatorial library of small fragments, then attach the fragments as required to make longer sequences. no synthesis steps required. but.... needs very large library. 4^n where n is number of base pairs. 4^20 is already larger than can realistically fit in most facilities i think.13:13
xrrWhat determines n?13:16
kanzurephysics, limits of the universe and all time and space13:17
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kanzurelower bound of n is limited by practical issues like, need a minimum number of bp for enzymes to attach fragments together correctly, need some dna hybridization of watson-crick base pair binding affinity, need overlapping regions, can't just have n=2 because that's useless. usually needs to be at least n=6 but probably more like n=8.13:18
kanzurenmz787: what about a wacky method like, super long dna molecule that is wound up like magnetic tape, unspool to get to region of interest, each region is 100 billion bp of repeating dna (e.g. 4^n for some n and some combination of bp), use primers to extract and amplify. spooling should be more efficient than attempting pick-and-place at micro-level.13:21
kanzureer, sub-micro level...13:21
kanzurehttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/09/science/rat-brain-digital-reconstruction-human-brain-project.html?_r=013:25
kanzure.title http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674%2815%2901191-513:25
kanzure"Reconstruction and Simulation of Neocortical Microcircuitry"13:26
yoleauxkanzure: Sorry, that doesn't appear to be an HTML page.13:26
kanzurehttp://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(15)01191-5.pdf13:28
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kanzure13:32 <+dpk> "Soviet nuclear submarine. Sailor for scale" http://i.imgur.com/XSUt1wu.jpg13:33
CaptHindsightthe inkjet method already makes full custom oligos ~100bp long13:34
kanzuresolid state can be way better than chemical synthesis13:34
kanzurehttp://diyhpl.us/~bryan/papers2/neuro/Reconstruction%20and%20simulation%20of%20neocortical%20microcircuitry.pdf13:35
CaptHindsightwell nobody here has the budget or time here to develop any of this anyway13:35
CaptHindsightthe latest nobel winners in Chemistry have figured out how proteins scan, cleave and bind on the nanoscale13:37
CaptHindsightI'd try to work with them or similar to take advantage of that13:38
kanzurethose protein details were already known previously; i think the nobel prize there was re: some specific variant of dna repair enzymes. there's lots of them.13:38
CaptHindsightsee about hybridizing it13:38
kanzurewith what?13:38
CaptHindsightwith something you can control on demand13:39
kanzurethat's novel research territory13:39
CaptHindsightwell you've pretty much proven that there's nobody to copy  :)13:40
kanzurei see the chemistry people sorta like machinists-- there's very very few online hanging out on the interwebs, but that doesn't mean nobody knows13:41
CaptHindsighta big pharma doesn't seem to be interested in this13:41
CaptHindsightyeah, they are probably out there13:41
CaptHindsighthave to keep looking for them13:42
kanzureso far most of the dna synthesis/genetic engineering people have been selling microbes to the oil industry or to the industrial chemical industry13:43
kanzurebig pharma has its own issues to deal with... iterating on a million products doesn't help them, because cost per product to go through all testing stages is so high. but interesting to think about, haven't considered all the ways to pitch to big pharma for super cheap dna synthesis.13:44
CaptHindsightlets say you had a gene printer, what would it cost to go from that point to be able to sell the first gene for human treatment?13:45
CaptHindsighthave a doc write a script for you to take to CVS13:46
kanzureprobably the same as any other big pharma product- billions. unless you're okay with medical tourism and flying out of the country.13:46
kanzuredrug trials are $100M minimum these days, sorta dumb but that's how the FDA rolls. and how the costs work out, apparently...13:47
CaptHindsightlets just say you or I had a DNA printer right now...13:48
kanzurecheck out these notes i typed when in audience of some big pharma presentation from 2010 http://diyhpl.us/wiki/transcripts/open-science-summit-2010/aiden-hollis-health-impact-fund/13:48
kanzureyeah even with the dna printer, drug trials still cost a ton13:49
kanzurethe effects of super cheap dna synthesis don't change the costs of drug trials at all13:49
CaptHindsightyou prove it works, what would happen next?13:49
CaptHindsightis there an anti-synthetic DNA group or lobby?13:50
kanzureETC group13:50
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kanzurei have been listing out "things to do with a dna printer" here http://diyhpl.us/wiki/dna/projects/13:52
CaptHindsightyeah, industrial uses13:53
kanzurestuff like "gastrointestinal microbe to treat lactose intolerance" would be interesting13:53
CaptHindsightlots of em13:53
CaptHindsightwhere everything comes out smelling like roses13:54
kanzureafter dna printer is working, need rest of lab equipment (which is all relatively simple in comparison, i think), such as for incubation (growth of cells), transfection (insertion of dna), etc.13:54
CaptHindsightsomebody asked the other day why anyone would want a 3D printer to print features down to 1um or smaller13:56
kanzurethey wouldn't, most people would be okay with any type of printer that made features that small13:56
kanzure1 micron features are really useful for microfluidics, stuff like "lab on a chip", v. popular for custom analysis of chemicals in random water or whatever.13:57
kanzure(or blood is another popular one there, w/e)13:58
CaptHindsightprint synthetic spider silk on demand as you repel down the mountain13:59
kanzureone of the advantages of having a dna printer is that you don't have to convince someone to mail you a physical plasmid, you can just print out the custom genetic circuits you want to include in your organism14:00
CaptHindsightsomeone needs to go through the list and see what can be more cost effective14:02
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CaptHindsightcustom organism vs current method14:03
CaptHindsightpolymer production could be a big one14:03
CaptHindsightchemical sensors14:04
kanzurelots of sensors, yes14:04
CaptHindsightthats where the hybridization can come in14:04
CaptHindsightcustom organism with low voltage serial bus14:05
kanzuretraditionally people have used aptamers for biosensors, which is where you use basically random dna molecules and you keep replicating all the dna molecules until you get some that better bind to the small molecule target of interest that you have. but this doesn't require controlled dna synthesis. (still, there are good reasons to focus on genetic circuit synthesis instead-- like for what you do after the aptamer has latched on to ...14:05
kanzure... whatever it's supposed to be sensing)14:06
kanzurewell, i shouldn't say aptamers are traditional. antibodies are traditional, aptamers are sort of the weird esoteric variant :-).14:06
kanzure(dna usually binds to random crap on its own- so you can hone this by copying dna sequences and using natural copy error rate to try to find versions that better latch on to the random crap)14:06
CaptHindsightsilicon on organism14:08
kanzureyea i should go through that list and .. do something. not sure what the something is.14:08
CaptHindsightmeatspace to internet interface14:08
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kanzurethey have that already ("optogenetics")14:08
kanzure.wik optogenetics14:09
yoleaux"Optogenetics (from Greek optikós, meaning "seen, visible") is a biological technique which involves the use of light to control cells in living tissue, typically neurons, that have been genetically modified to express light-sensitive ion channels." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics14:09
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CaptHindsightsomething like that14:09
CaptHindsightbut just works14:10
CaptHindsighteasy to connect14:10
CaptHindsightand standardized14:10
CaptHindsightor it connects itself14:11
CaptHindsightdo you put little backpacks with the digital interface in them on cells or ..14:12
kanzurenah, the way optogenetics works is you shoot photons at cells, some of the photons hit the light-sensitive ion channels, then the cells have some reaction to that14:12
CaptHindsightdo you keep it separate and have the connections seek out and attach themselves to cell membranes14:13
kanzurethat's much harder to create14:13
kanzureyou might be overestimating current sophistication of biotech!14:13
CaptHindsightI tend to do that14:13
CaptHindsightI've seen the optogenetics14:13
CaptHindsightI'm just looking further14:14
kanzureprobably lots of gene trade over the interwebs14:15
CaptHindsightI'm picturing remote controlled or monitored cells14:16
CaptHindsightthe bio parts being the factory or sensor with a network interface14:17
CaptHindsightmight be overkill for producing simple things like ethanol in bulk14:17
kanzurespeculation goal is "really cool things to do with biology that wouldn't be impossible, and would actually be useful"?14:18
CaptHindsightmost of the list looks like things that are just bulk production or materials or sensing14:19
CaptHindsightsay 10K cells tweaked to sense some odor14:20
CaptHindsightwhen you get enough consensus you found it14:20
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kanzuredna synthesis is pretty helpful for iterating over all possible sequences of a protein, to try to find a specific protein shape (since you can't really predict shape at the moment)14:24
kanzurewell, i mean, cheap dna synthesis....14:25
kanzurewhich is more-or-less atomically precise molecular manufacturing14:27
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maakukanzure: ?14:28
kanzurewell, it's not like it's a diamond or anything14:28
maakuoh ok14:29
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maakusome people argue DNA as a pathway to diamondoid mechanosynthesis, I thought that's what you were doing14:29
kanzurewell, non-diamond molecular manufacturing is pretty useful too14:29
maakuwhich would be great but I've yet to see a non-handwavy explanation14:29
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kanzuregiven the ability to predict protein shape you could just design whatever molecular structures you want, and then synthesize the dna, then have the dna inform the ribosome how to construct that protein14:30
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kanzuresince we don't know how to do all protein folding predictions, you can use bruteforcing with direct dna synthesis of a million different variants and then look at the shape of each resulting protein14:30
kanzurevariants would each have a segment of amino acids switched out for another, or insertions/deletions and other common mutations, perhaps informed by some heuristic algorithm, or the whim of the user, who cares14:31
CaptHindsightthere needs to be more people working on the micro and nanoscale14:31
CaptHindsightand they need the inexpensive tools to do it14:31
kanzuremaaku: i think you can get pretty far with non-diamondoid molecular manufacturing.14:32
maakukanzure: have you looked at modifying / expanding the ribosome itself?14:32
kanzuremaaku: kinda, yeah https://groups.google.com/d/msg/enzymaticsynthesis/3YEEv0OULo0/zJZPETWDbMIJ14:33
maakukanzure: there may be research here that is useful : https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/teams/can-5/gatech/14:33
maakuGATech spent five years investigating the origins of the ribosome and mapping variations14:34
CaptHindsightif you could buy a desktop molecular fabricator for a few $K would there just be a zillion nanoscale Yoda heads?14:34
CaptHindsightor would people make useful things?14:34
maakuactually this link may be better: http://astrobiology.gatech.edu/14:34
kanzure"An Atomic Level Description of the Specific Interactions Between Nascent Peptide and Ribosome Exit Tunnel" hmm14:35
kanzurehttps://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/reports/annual-reports/2013/gatech/an-atomic-level-description-of-the-specific-interactions-between-nascent-peptide-and-ribosome-exit-tunnel/14:35
maakuCaptHindsight: uh, there's no shortage of ineresting things to do with a nanofactory14:35
kanzure"extremophile ribosomes" https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/reports/annual-reports/2013/gatech/extremophile-ribosomes/14:35
CaptHindsightreprap and now SLA are pretty depressing to watch14:36
kanzurethat's because they are awful14:36
kanzure"resurrection of an ancestral peptidyl transferase" https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/reports/annual-reports/2013/gatech/resurrection-of-an-ancestral-peptidyl-transferase/14:36
CaptHindsightmaaku: well you're the exception14:36
kanzureplease list out interesting things to do with nanofactories, because why not14:37
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CaptHindsightwhat he said ^^14:37
kanzurehttps://github.com/kanzure/nanoengineer/tree/master/cad/partlib14:37
CaptHindsightyes more of this http://wordlesstech.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Nanoscale-3D-printed-Microstructures-3.jpg14:40
CaptHindsightvs this  http://www.asdn.net/asdn/nanotools/images/fig2.jpg14:40
kanzurewell there's http://diyhpl.us/~bryan/papers2/mems/14:40
CaptHindsightkanzure: how do the teams using repurposed virus for cancer detection get around the millions needed for approval?14:44
kanzurethey aren't using living humans, just living human tissue matter, or even non-human cell lines14:44
CaptHindsightI know that they are in the early trial stages and didn't get millions14:44
CaptHindsightoh no they have cured a few patients already14:45
CaptHindsightlet me find a link14:45
kanzureclinicaltrials.gov14:45
maakuCaptHindsight kanzure: uh, diamond. everything you can buy at an industrial supply store, but made with diamond14:46
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kanzurecan't you already do shape-specific chemical vapor deposition growth of diamonds?14:46
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maakujust in terms of material properties (e.g. strength/weight ratios) it'd be orders of magnitude better14:46
CaptHindsighthttp://www.cancer.duke.edu/btc/modules/research3/index.php?id=4114:47
maakukanzure: not fast or cheaply enough14:47
maakuI have an affinity for space travel, so: space elevator and/or <$1k per flight single stage to orbit vehicle14:47
maakuusing just 1st generation dumb diamandoid materials14:48
CaptHindsightrocket boots14:48
kanzure"Poliovirus Vaccine for Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) (PVS-RIPO)" https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0149189314:49
maakucomputation: Babbage rod-and-gear computers with enough processing power to match all extant computers combined in a cubic centimeter14:50
kanzurejust says "Brain Tumor Research Charity Grant"14:50
kanzuremaaku: wouldn't that overheat14:50
CaptHindsightkanzure: how long and how much will it cost if the trials are found to be very successful?14:50
maakukanzure: only exotic tech is reversible computers14:51
kanzurei'm not the right person to ask at the moment, i am also not familiar with cheapest fda-approved clinical trials14:51
CaptHindsightjust wondering14:51
kanzurelots of big pharma people say clinical trials cost >$500M into the billions, but that might be because of how many middlemen they use14:52
CaptHindsightif anyone else cares to chime in14:52
kanzureor because of insurance costs14:52
kanzurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_development#Clinical_phase14:52
kanzurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial#Economics14:52
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maakuof course the real benefit of atomicly precise diamond is probably quantum computation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen-vacancy_center14:53
paskypriceless http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3264341/How-live-till-150-JANE-FRYER-meets-eccentric-scientist-thinks-s-secret-Just-one-problem-ll-sex.html14:53
CaptHindsightkanzure: vs be available in Thailand for $995 and a plane ticket14:53
kanzuresure14:55
fennCaptHindsight: some bacteria extrude a "wire" made of iron (?) to reduce minerals as part of their metabolism; this can probably be hijacked to do some electrical interfacing between a chip and a genetic regulatory network14:55
fennhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_nanowires14:56
CaptHindsightneat14:57
CaptHindsightmaaku: also nanoscale cutting tools14:59
fenni think the right strategy is to skip the protein folding problem entirely by using rationally engineered proteins instead of giant blobs of shit15:00
CaptHindsightnanomilling15:00
kanzure"rationally engineered proteins" is hard to do when you can't predict what the protein is going to look like15:00
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kanzure.wik protein design15:01
yoleaux"Protein design is the rational design of new protein molecules to fold to a target protein structure, with the ultimate goal of designing novel function and/or behavior. Proteins can be designed from scratch (de novo design) or by making calculated variations on a known protein structure and its sequence (known as protein redesign)." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_design15:02
kanzure"Rational protein design approaches make protein-sequence predictions that will fold to specific structures"15:02
kanzureso....15:02
kanzureprobably will just end up with some bland molecular building blocks made out of proteins, and then change binding affinity between those proteins using specific addressing, then just throw the parts together and get self-assembling lego stuff.15:04
fennyou make it out of parts that you can predict15:06
fennmore like building a machine than trying to fold origami out of meat15:06
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kanzureyep sure15:07
kanzurething i just proposed is minor abstraction on top of proteins, to hide the unpredictable useless parts15:07
fennyou don't need binding affinity addressing so much because the parts are attached as a single strand15:08
kanzuresingle strand of what?15:08
fennobivously you can't use the same connector for every part of the protein15:09
fennsingle strand of amino acids15:09
kanzureyeah, just have generic cube-shaped proteins, before synthesizing the dna you assign some 20-letter-specific gate/key locking mechanism for binding to another protein15:09
kanzurethe more amino acids you add to a strand, the harder it gets to predict shape15:09
kanzurebetter to just have lots of small blocks floating around15:09
fennyou can link them with glycine chains that don't do anything15:10
kanzuredoesn't that lose out on structural precision?15:10
fennthe problem with blocks floating around is your stoichiometry can be wildly off (100% concentration pockets of one part forms a crystal of that part)15:11
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fennand the "reaction kinetics" of the folding process are orders of magnitude slower than if they're linked together15:11
fennbeing linked together is like having a catalyst for the folding process15:11
fennyou just have to make sure that the individual pieces fold fast enough that it never mis-folds15:12
fenni'm probably doing a bad job explaining this15:13
fennthink lego not limerick15:13
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maakuCaptHindsight: if you have a atomicly precise manufacturing, what may I ask is the purpose of nanoscale cutting tools?15:14
fennto cut things that are not manufactured15:14
maakuguess I'd need a use case15:15
fennthe energy input per gram of atomically precise stuff will be way higher than any other manufacturing process (and so price will be higher per gram also)15:15
kanzuremaaku: digging for dinosaurs15:15
Jawmarekanzure, just thought of something today... what if we functionalize the slide15:16
kanzuredoable, solid supports are often functionalized15:16
maakufenn: ... what's the energy per gram of potatos?15:16
kanzuremaybe with biotin or streptavidin15:16
fennmaaku: plants are about 3% efficient max so way less than that15:17
Jawmareand have cartridges with chemicals you need15:17
kanzuretubes pointed into the cartridges, actually15:17
kanzurebut yes15:17
poppingtonicwhat's the difference between cadnano & nanoengineer?15:17
kanzuresome of those details are where we need help- like, using the wrong materials will contaminate everything15:17
kanzurepoppingtonic: nanoengineer was abandoned, cadnano seems to still be developed (haven't looked)15:18
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Jawmarekanzure, find out what kind of tubes commerical dna machine uses15:19
JawmareI bet its tygon15:19
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kanzureyea this says tygon on page 244 http://diyhpl.us/~bryan/papers2/DNA/abi391/ABI%20391-manual.pdf15:20
kanzurebut mostly polypropylene15:20
fennmaaku look at the graph about halfway down: http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2009/06/embodied-energy-of-digital-technology.html15:22
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CaptHindsightmaaku: cutting a giant silicon crystal to size15:22
fenni saw a graph where the x axis was "feature size" but doubt i will ever be able to find that again15:22
fennthe curves were similar15:22
CaptHindsightmaaku: first sawing then milling to size15:23
kanzureCaptHindsight: you've seen nanofactory stuff before, right? like https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqyZ9bFl_qg15:23
CaptHindsightmaaku: before you fabricate whatever on top of it15:23
kanzurepoppingtonic: that video mentions that nanorex funded making that animated video (nanorex was the one that wrote nanoengineer)15:23
maakuCaptHindsight: for what purpose? what would you use crystal silicon for in bulk that diamond substrate would not suffice?15:24
CaptHindsightmaaku: silicon is cheap and easy to get or grow currently15:24
poppingtonichmmm kanzure, I thought it was you15:25
kanzurenah i only rescued nanoengineer from oblivion15:25
kanzuremy source code looks way better :-)15:26
fennpoppingtonic: nanoengineer allows you to put arbitrary molecules together and them simulates the structure, and it has some tools to do DNA origami structures; cadnano only lets you string DNA together and has many more macros specific for DNA origami15:26
fennit used to be spelled caDNAno15:27
fenns/arbitrary molecules/arbitrary atoms/15:28
kanzurefenn: had surprisingly hard time convincing CaptHindsight of cool things to do with dna synthesizer (above in recent backlog) (not his fault- just hard to pick the right example projects)15:28
fennthe iGEM projects list wasn't enough?15:28
poppingtonicForesight Institute's vimeo channel has a talk by George Church about caDNAno among other things15:28
kanzure"mostly lousy sensors" :D15:29
poppingtonicwell, he mentions it...15:30
fenni would hope so15:30
fennwell, i don't know what to say to "why would anyone want a DNA synthesizer" it's like asking "why would anyone want a computer" or "why would anyone want a cnc machining center" etc15:32
kanzurenot really like a computer- you have very limited input, very limited output, can't see the state, and it fails almost constantly because cells are finnicky15:33
fennyeah yeah15:34
CaptHindsightkanzure: the most interesting applications for a DNA synthesizer to me is for medical cures15:34
kanzurewell, then designer baby stuff15:34
kanzurebut that's not something like "1 day after the dna synthesis machine proven works"15:34
fennnot saying it's like a computer, but the lack of imagination is hard to penetrate15:34
CaptHindsightunfortunately the guberments have put of roadblocks to prevent that from happening cheaply and easily15:35
CaptHindsightof/up15:35
kanzurenah, frame as "save all the babies"15:35
kanzurepro-lifers will be convinced15:35
fennthere are a lot of DNA vaccines that would be good to be able to experiment with widely during a pandemic15:35
fennor even regular vaccines15:36
fennor serum or whatever15:36
CaptHindsightkanzure: sounds similar to a windoze machine15:36
kanzurei think i should write a one paragraph indoctrination hype piece to convince people "holy shit i totally want a dna synthesis machine so i can go do those things"15:37
CaptHindsightbut what color do cells turn when they die?15:37
fennyou only need one DNA synthesizer in the world, but access to its output is hard to arrange for some reason, so more is better15:37
kanzureand also scheduling problems15:37
kanzureand also, you need parallelism to work on a single project... need to make many variants and see which ones work.15:37
fenn.wik trypan blue15:38
yoleaux"Trypan blue is a vital stain used to selectively colour dead tissues or cells blue. It is a diazo dye." — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypan_blue15:38
kanzureprinting out 30% of a genome is useful, but you need 10,000 variants to see which ones are metabolically efficient15:38
CaptHindsightwhy aren't the Chinese all over DNA synthesis?15:39
kanzurewhat was it you had against bruteforce, again?15:39
CaptHindsightit's inefficient15:39
fennwell 10000 is not a large number of permutations15:39
drethelinwhy would anyone NOT want a dna synth15:39
CaptHindsightyeah15:39
fenn.wa length of a human genome15:40
yoleauxsize of the human genome: 3.08×10⁹ bp (base pairs); Unit conversion: 3.08 Gbp (gigabase pairs); Comparisons: ~(0.023 ~1/43) × estimated number of base pairs in the lungfish genome (~1.33×10¹¹ bp); ~(0.18 ~1/6) × estimated number of base pairs in the genome of wheat (~1.7×10¹⁰ bp); ~8.4 × estimated number of base pairs in the pufferfish genome (~3.65×10⁸ bp)15:40
CaptHindsighteveryone should have the right to have one15:40
fenn.wa 4^(3.08*10^9)15:40
yoleauxfenn: Sorry, no result!15:40
fenn.wa 4^(3080000000)15:40
yoleauxfenn: Sorry, no result!15:40
fennanyway15:41
kanzureyou wouldn't want a dna synthesizer because most of the projects require research15:41
CaptHindsightkanzure: plus hasn't nature done the brute force for the past several billion years15:41
fenn.py 4**308000000015:42
yoleaux<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><title>404 Not Found</title></head><body text=#000000 bgcolor=#ffffff><h1>Error: Not Found</h1><h2>The requested URL <code>/py/4**3080000000</code> was not found on this server.</h2><h2></h2></body></html>15:42
kanzure.py eval("4*" + "*3080000000")15:43
yoleaux<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><title>404 Not Found</title></head><body text=#000000 bgcolor=#ffffff><h1>Error: Not Found</h1><h2>The requested URL <code>/py/eval(%224*%22%20%2B%20%22*3080000000%22)</code> was not found on this server.</h2><h2></h2></body></html>15:43
kanzurebrutal15:43
fennthe .py plugin just doesn't work15:43
poppingtonicvimeo.com/6300884515:43
fennguess i will kill that python calculation before i run out of swap space15:45
fennit's a really big number15:46
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CaptHindsightlets say we had the inkjet oligo maker.... what is the cost to QC each pool before assembling each know good section or the cost to QC the whole pool after assembly?15:48
fennyeah i asked steve to solve that math problem but he dodged15:50
fennthe QC before/after question15:50
CaptHindsightI want to see how the proteins do QC15:52
fennthey look at base pair mismatch15:52
fennnature never synthesizes single stranded dna (except maybe TdT)15:53
fennit's always copy error correction15:53
CaptHindsightI know I'm just looking at possibly using it for the QC15:53
fennthere are some schemes that precipitate out mismatches by binding to them15:54
CaptHindsightOC, cleaving and bonding15:54
fennOC?15:55
CaptHindsightfinding the mismatches15:55
CaptHindsightquality control15:55
CaptHindsightthe inkjet printer doesn't do a perfect job15:57
CaptHindsightof printing the oligos15:57
CaptHindsightit's a patent minefield but it's not difficult to MEMS a femtoliter printhead with K's of nozzles15:59
JawmareIf you cap it do you still end up with mismatch?16:02
poppingtonicOpen Invention Network for SynthBio16:03
maakuyou guys seem to be working on some sort of inkjet protein / DNA printer for molecular assembly. is there any writeup of this overall plan / strategy?16:13
maaku(not asking for an explanation over IRC, I kinda get the IRC tl;dr. I'm wondering if there's a more detailed wiki page or something...)16:13
maakuI ask because there's a lot that is non-intuitive to me, such as exactly how useful it would be outside of synthetic bio16:14
fennmaaku http://diyhpl.us/wiki/dna/synthesis/notes/ and http://bioinformatics.org/pogo/ or if you mean "what do you do with DNA" see http://diyhpl.us/wiki/dna/projects/16:20
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kanzureJawmare: capping is necessary during each cycle16:22
fennjawmare you always have some amount of mismatches because the reactions don't 100% complete, because of side reactions, because of coincidentally similar sequences16:22
kanzureJawmare: for quality control, you can shoot light at it and figure out how many nucleotides are there, but also you usually have to perform dna sequencing to make sure the actual strands are good16:22
Jawmareand how do commerical dna synth solve that problem?16:22
kanzurehowever, personally i think dna synthesis is hard enough on its own, adding dna sequencing into the equation is ugh16:22
kanzurecommercial dyna synthesizers solve this problem by synthesizing very short strands, and lots of them. then the companies just sequence 'em and if it's bad they chunk it out.16:23
kanzures/chunk it out/throw it out.16:23
kanzurewhen you synthesize a small amount (nanograms or less?) of dna, you have to use dna polymerase to make copies; if the wrong strands outcompete the correct strands then you have to start over.16:25
fennnothing's competing, you just amplify a mixture of sequences16:26
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kanzureshorter strands take less time to replicate. it's competitive.16:29
fennthe wrong strands are only 1 bp shorter16:30
fennmaybe that's enough of an advantage over many rounds of replication to completely swamp the signal16:31
fennmaaku: cheap enough dna synthesis is still a roadblock even for institutional scientists working on good stuff like neuroscience, metabolism, aging, etc16:35
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fenneven if you happen to be well funded there is not enough DNA to go around16:36
fennat least not enough to treat gene synthesis like any other lab tool16:36
fennthe prices are falling but nowhere near as fast as sequencing16:37
fennimagine trying to program a computer without a keyboard and you had to copy and paste things by gnawing at the mouse buttons with your gums16:37
fennthat's where biology is at without DNA synthesis16:38
fennbut each cut/paste operation takes 4 hours16:38
kanzureand also you can only use like 3 punch cards16:40
kanzurei seem to be stuck in a time vortex today16:41
fennwelcome to the time vortex16:41
fennfind a cybernetic dolphin to be your guide16:41
* fenn goes off in search of magnesium16:42
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kanzurebeen working on lunch for the last 7 hours, i blame time vortex17:00
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CaptHindsight<Jawmare> and how do commerical dna synth solve that problem? like kanzure mentioned or they get quiet about it when asked directly18:28
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kanzurehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:UChicago19:17
kanzure"A novel directed evolution system, termed feedback-regulated evolution of phenotype (FREP), incorporates a dynamic mutation rate to overcome the existing problems of directed evolution by mimicking the plasticity of the mutation rate in natural evolution. This is achieved through dynamic control of a mutator element that is negatively regulated by the desired end product. In this feedback scheme, as more of the desired biomolecule is ...19:17
kanzure... produced, the rate of mutation decreases and eventually approaches zero, allowing evolution and maintenance of a high level of production while minimizing the accumulation of toxic, nonspecific mutations."19:17
kanzure"We successfully created FREP-ready ARM constructs containing the mutagenizing proteins EmrR, Dam and mutH(E56A) and the reporter mCherry-LVA under the control of the tyrosine-sensitive promoter paroF und although we were not able to implement FREP due to time constraints."19:18
kanzurebah19:18
kanzurethere was also this thing http://2014.igem.org/Team:SYSU-China/content.html#Project/Discussion19:20
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mginanyone going to the alcor conference??19:54
kanzurenah, they didn't have room for my presentation19:56
kanzureas of a week ago19:56
kanzureaschwin de wolf's publication looked somewhat interesting as an update to his research work19:58
Jawmareremoving anhydrous acetoniltilre from sureseal bottles...20:02
kanzuregravity-assist20:03
kanzureor uh.. i think one of the designs pumped argon into the bottle20:03
Jawmarewith syringe.... :(20:03
JayDugger1I didn't see anything about classification or ontologies in Robert A. Freitas Jr., Ralph C. Merkle, Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines. Just hierarchy.20:04
kanzuremost ontologies are hierarchies20:05
kanzurearen't they?20:05
Jawmareacetoniltrile - not that bad if you spill it in a fume hood, it evaporates quickly20:05
JayDugger1Hierarchies of machine shops?20:05
kanzureJayDugger1: his "table of contents" tend to be fairly thorough20:06
kanzureJawmare: substitutes welcomed20:06
Jawmarethe really only substitution that might work is dmso or dmf20:06
JayDugger1I think mostly, yes. His work's a pleasure to read for its useful indexes and tables of contents. I started with those.20:06
kanzurewell the biologists sure do love them some dmso20:06
Jawmarewhich if you ask most chemist they would rather use acetonitirle20:06
JayDugger1I'll look at KSRM and his other work later todayl20:07
Jawmaredmso have a high boiling point, removing the solvent is going to require a vaccum distillation20:07
JayDugger1ONce I wake enough to accurately type.20:07
Jawmareor distilling at 190 degree celsius20:07
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Jawmarethis funny named company is a pretty good source for DMSO http://www.gaylordchemical.com/index.php?page=replace-acetonitrile-with-dmso20:08
JayDugger1And after I finished reading what suspiciously looks like Tolkien fanfic at first glance, by Freitas, at http://www.nanomedicine.com/Frodo.htm.20:09
kanzurei think you mean http://www.nanomedicine.com/Frodo.htm20:09
kanzure.title20:10
yoleauxThe Last Transmission of Frodo Baggins20:10
kanzuremaybe this is cleverly disguised ralph merkle tolkien fanfic20:10
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JayDugger1Very clever, indeed.20:12
kanzureJawmare: how much debugging would a synthesis project like this take? how many things can go wrong.20:12
Jawmare depending on how much synthesis experience he have20:13
Jawmareyou can't learn synthesis from books, only trial and error20:13
Jawmaremy prof mentioned that making a 9 chained peptide takes his group ~ a year and a half to make20:13
kanzurebecause the books suck?20:13
Jawmarethats a postdoc + 1-2 grad student20:14
Jawmarebecause bench skill is something you learn from experience20:14
Jawmarebtw that a year and a half figure is without any previous literature20:14
kanzurepurpose of machine is to compress all that into something that has tight engineering requirements20:15
kanzureah that's good news then20:15
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Jawmarein my opinion, functionalizing glass slide and do solid state synth is going to be much more robust20:16
kanzuremore robust than?20:17
Jawmarewithout solid support20:17
kanzurebtw we could also print functionalized microbeads first20:17
kanzuremagnetic microbeads that we can lock to the surface20:17
fennthe acetonitrile seemed relatively safe, but people had warned about the toxicity of 3-methoxypropionitrile20:18
kanzureeither has to be functionalized to surface or to beads or something, otherwise the wash step on each cycle will blow everything away20:18
fennonly a small amount of 3-methoxypropionitrile is used but it does get mixed in with large quantities of acetonitrile20:18
Jawmarewhere do you use 3-methoxypropioniltrile?20:20
fenninkjet fluid solvent, for dispensing the phosphoramidites i think20:22
Jawmarejust because it have a nitrile group, doesn't mean it is as poisonous as cyanide20:24
JawmareLook, in a lab we expect you have at least a fume hood20:25
Jawmarespill kits, fire extingusher, eyewash etc20:25
Jawmareand it is expected that you wear (and replace gloves) regularly, and wearing lab coats20:25
JawmareI'd say 3-methoxypropioniltrile is safe if you take reasonable protective measure20:26
fennok20:27
JawmareI just did Steglich esterification in a undergrad lab, yes we were constantly reminded that DMAP is highly toxic and absorb through skin, but it wasn't really that bad20:28
Jawmareand 3-methoxypropionitrile is not as bad as DMAP20:28
JawmareYes it is toxic, and yes you will die if you drink it / get it on your skin / get it on your eyes20:30
fennit would be good to eventually figure out how to recycle the solvent because it and the dry nitrogen is the majority of the cost of a synthesis run20:32
fennnitrogen can be replaced with a small pump20:32
fennor maybe just using a better sprayer will reduce solvent use enough that it is no longer a major expense20:33
Jawmareanhydrous acetoniltrile is expensive20:34
Jawmaredo we really have to use anhydrous?20:34
Jawmare(and also, hard to get)20:34
fennyes it's important that it is anhydrous because water terminates the reaction20:34
Jawmareright20:34
Jawmareit is like what.. less than $100 per litre?20:39
Jawmarehttps://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/acetonitrile-anhydrous-dna-synthesis-fisher-bioreagents-3/p-2382420:39
Jawmarehttps://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/4231120:40
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fennmuch less than $100/litre20:47
fennthe posam people were buying it in drums20:47
Jawmareyes, if you buy it in drums20:48
Jawmarenow how do you keep it anhydrous20:48
Jawmaretips: CaCl2 or molecular sieves20:49
Jawmareif you collect the waste in a waste bucket20:51
JawmareI think you can recover it but it is going to be nasty20:51
fennfor the past 20 minutes i have been derping on why the posam user manual is 29 pages instead of 31... there should be a cost breakdown on page 3020:52
fenni could just shrug and say they must not have written that part, but i've actually read the cost breakdown in the past somewhere20:55
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* fenn greps the logs20:55
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Jawmareanyways, good night... another 4+- 2 hours of lab tomorrow20:56
Jawmareprobably more like 7 :(20:56
fenn(for posterity) posam cost breakdown: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC507883/table/T1/20:58
Jawmarehalogenation, recrystalize. hplc, 2d nmr20:58
Jawmarefml20:58
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kanzurehttp://newsoffice.mit.edu/2014/algorithm-recovers-speech-from-vibrations-080421:36
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kanzure"MIT reports recovering voices from high-frame-rate video of a potato-chip bag, extracting information from vibrational displacements as small as 1/100 of a pixel. This reminds me of an idea floated decades ago by the fictional character Daedelus in a now-defunct column in Nature: Recover ancient voices from pots by reading the tiny ripples left by vibration of the potters’ fingers."21:36
kanzurefrom http://metamodern.com/2014/08/08/recovering-ancient-voices-from-clay-pots/21:36
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kanzuredidn't know the "molecular manufacturing shortcut group" was headed by a dude from raytheon http://www.islandone.org/MMSG/21:41
fennwas at nasa too https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McKendree_cylinder21:54
kanzurehmm foresight institute does not have "an index of really really cool atomically precise molecular manufacturing machine stuff". huge oversight.21:58
kanzureand nanoengineer's partlib is kinda empty. has a few gears and bearings i guess.21:58
kanzurei thought there would be a list on old sci.nanotech posts but nope21:59
kanzureactually i didn't even see utility fog mentioned on alt.sci.nanotech either; are people just braindead or what.22:00
CaptHindsightif the tools to fabricate are low enough cost to get enough out there then that's the way around all the obvious patents for the next 10-20 years22:03
kanzureyep, kits and stuff22:03
kanzureor kits about kits22:03
CaptHindsightsub micro tools are expensive and even if you have them what can you make that doesn't violate some obvious patent22:04
kanzureneed to flip things around; patents need to stop violating my ability to get shit done.22:04
CaptHindsightcheap tools and lots of people tinkering will work22:04
CaptHindsightwe need more shops around like the ones in Blade Runner "I make your eyes, just eyes"22:07
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fenn"i've personally made 70 billion copies of my book" - george church22:19
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fenn"robot concentration (nM)"22:28
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@nmz787kanzure: your spooling idea is interesting, one problem I see is you'd have to cut out the primers (at least on one side of each oligo to be joined)... or figure out some sort of primerless primers :/22:52
kanzurewhat about chemically attaching the primers permanently22:55
kanzurethe primers that aren't "in range" are irrelevant anyway22:55
kanzure.title https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1035779122:56
yoleauxMakerBot lays off 20% of its staff for the second time this year | Hacker News22:56
kanzurere: in range; imagine droplet that covers only 1% of the superlong spooled dna molecule. the chemically-attached primers at other locations don't matter because the polymerase can't physically get to them.22:57
kanzureyou could also use fluorophores to delineate the transition areas for sections of the molecule22:58
fenni liked the george church @ foresight talk, it had a good mix of recent biotech developments and a good bit of stuff i didn't know about http://vimeo.com/6300884522:58
kanzure.title http://vimeo.com/6300884522:59
yoleauxGeorge Church: "Regenesis: Bionano" at Foresight Technical Conference 2013 on Vimeo22:59
fennfor some value of recent :P22:59
kanzurewell since he sleeps so little he's technically from the future, so his recent is more relatively recent than otherwise22:59
fennoh? how much does he sleep?22:59
kanzurelike zero?23:00
fennare you just making that up or is it based on some anecdote23:00
kanzurewikipedia says george church has narcolepsy23:00
@nmz787kanzure: hmm, then you'd need a restriction enzyme to cut out the amplified segments23:00
@nmz787those things conflict... narcolepsy and sleeping-like-zero23:01
kanzurenarcolepsy can have similar symptoms as insomnia23:01
@nmz787I can only remember the deuce bigalow narcolepsy scene at the bowling alley23:02
* nmz787 reality overwritten23:02
kanzureapparently you can view images of george church's colon and ass online https://my.pgp-hms.org/profile/hu43860C23:02
@nmz787gross23:02
@nmz787why am i copying that link23:03
kanzurehere is his sleep data https://my.pgp-hms.org/user_file/download/53123:03
kanzure(csv)23:03
kanzureJUST KIDDING IT'S HIS BUTTHOLE23:04
fenndefinitely not butthole data23:05
@nmz787well this is his... umm... bank account number: https://my.pgp-hms.org/user_file/download/53923:05
@nmz787polyp in the old rectum, eh23:05
@nmz787isn't that some sort of sea creature's life cycle?23:06
@nmz787why is that in there???23:06
fennif i made fun of other people's health data i'd be unable to pretend outrage when others made fun of my health data...23:07
kanzureyes because pretend outrage is pretty high on your priority list23:07
@nmz787yup, basdically what I'm thinking23:07
@nmz787I'll have to chuckle away my squamous basal layer deteriorating to shit or whatever23:07
@nmz787hahah23:07
* nmz787 oh yeah, at least my face is falling off just in time for halloween23:08
kanzuretried chemo for that?23:08
@nmz787idk, looks like he gets between 5 and 7 hours a night on avg23:09
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fennif i'm reading this data right george church only sleeps 5-6 hours a night23:09
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@nmz787see, we have good correlation23:09
fennhigh five to six23:09
fenngo team23:09
@nmz787where should I upload 4 log files for #brlcad to look into... is there a pastebin that can group uploads like imgur?23:11
fennwhen you figure in meals and puttering that's like an extra day every day vs my sleep23:11
kanzureplus he has goons23:11
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fenngoons upon goons23:12
fennare we his goons?23:12
fenni forget23:12
@nmz787no, those are grad students23:12
kanzurenot in any real sense23:12
kanzureperhaps indirectly23:12
@nmz787he probably reads the logs once in a while, or greps them?23:12
@nmz787or has a goon do that23:13
kanzurei doubt it23:13
fennhi george! and goon!23:13
kanzurenobody knows about hplusroadmap23:13
fennwhat, it comes up in my google searches constantly23:13
@nmz787haha23:13
kanzurethat's google's search bubble thing23:13
@nmz787filetype:pdf23:13
fennrule 3423:14
kanzurei don't think there's that much traffic on the wiki23:15
kanzureor the logs for that matter23:15
kanzurealthough i haven't checked in like... five years?23:15
@nmz787i use the logs at work23:15
kanzurev. sneaky23:16
@nmz787lately pidgin doesn't even work there, and the webchat kind sucks as it disconnects often23:16
kanzurewiki could link to logs more prominently23:16
kanzurebut the good stuff is just burried in the logs, nobody knows where to look23:16
kanzureany random click is gonna show you a bunch of disconnects and joins. what good is that?23:16
fennrandom disconnects are IRC's way of letting you know that time has passed23:19
kanzureat one point i got the faint sense that ellington was reading diybio email traffic but i didn't have enough evidence to catch him23:22
kanzurewhy don't the hplusroadmap irc logs trigger any of the google alerts i setup?23:27
kanzureand yet some of the logs show up in search results23:27
@nmz787hmm, so i want to design an adjustable current controlled power source for the laser etcher, as it is only on/off23:29
@nmz787idk if anyone in here has experience with opamps and such... i'm thinking a lm317, a voltage follower around the current resistor, and adding in some bias to the follower via RC smoothed PWM23:30
@nmz787since the lm317 current out follows: 1.25V/feedback_resistor23:30
kanzurehttp://diyhpl.us/~bryan/papers2/neuro/Reconstruction%20and%20simulation%20of%20neocortical%20microcircuitry.pdf23:32
kanzureand http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/09/science/rat-brain-digital-reconstruction-human-brain-project.html?_r=023:32
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