# Key Points from IRC Discussions

• Researchers observed that even intelligent Stanford students struggle with fundamental programming concepts like for-loops, highlighting challenges in teaching computational thinking to non-CS students.

• A significant advancement in neuroscience was discussed: whole-brain calcium imaging with cellular resolution in freely behaving C. elegans worms, enabling simultaneous recording of neural activity from 78 neurons correlated with behavior.

• Memory research was a focal point, with references to optogenetics papers on creating false memories in the hippocampus and skepticism about claims regarding memory restoration through implantable neuroprosthetic devices.

• The discussion explored micro-scale engine technologies, including a 30-watt mini Wankel engine from Berkeley, a 100W micro-scale gas turbine with 10mm impeller diameter, and various biological mechanisms that could inspire MEMS actuators.

• Participants debated the efficiency of fuel cells versus heat engines at MEMS scale, with particular interest in creating high-force actuators using VLSI-style production methods.

• Technical challenges in algae biofuel production were analyzed, noting the energy-intensive nature of harvesting algae oils and the selection pressure problems faced when developing strains that secrete fuel compounds.

• The limitations of Variant Call Format (VCF) for genome representation were discussed, with researchers developing graph-based approaches to address issues like reference dependence and handling complex variants.